Introduction to observations
Access historical climate records taken at meteorological stations, adjusted / homogenized climate datasets based on historical climate observations, the Climate Trends and Variations Bulletin, and snow datasets.
What's the difference?
Historical climate station data are the official in situ station records. Adjusted / homogenized climate data incorporate adjustments to the original station data to account for discontinuities from non-climatic factors, such as instrument changes or station relocation.
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Historical climate station data
Access historical weather, climate data, and related information for numerous locations across Canada. Temperature, precipitation, degree days, relative humidity, wind speed and direction, monthly summaries, averages, extremes and Climate Normals, are some of the information you will find.
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Adjusted / homogenized climate data
Adjusted / homogenized climate datasets
Access adjusted / homogenized climate datasets, which incorporate a number of adjustments on historical climate observations.
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Climate Trends and Variations Bulletin
Climate Trends and Variations Bulletin (CTVB)
CTVB helps communicate to Canadians how Canada's climate has changed over the recent past and longer, over the period for which Environment and Climate Change Canada has climate observations. CTVB, using homogenized and adjusted station data, describes climate variability through maps of current and past departures from the mean (the 30-year average 1961-1990) temperature and precipitation conditions, both seasonally and annually.
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Snow datasets
Access daily observation-based estimates of SWE over the Northern Hemisphere (excluding Greenland) for 1981-2020.
Access observation-based datasets of monthly snow cover fraction (SCF), monthly snow water equivalent (SWE), and annual maximum snow water equivalent (SWEmax) over Canada for 1981-2016.
Snow cover extent and snow cover duration
Access Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators (CESI) snow cover indicators. The indicators show how Canada's snow cover is changing from year-to-year and over time. The indicators report spring snow cover extent and annual snow cover duration.